Pilot Study
Results Of Cardiac Output
"In general, higher blood pressure equals increased cardiac output and increased total peripheral resistance, which can be translated into circulatory overload. An increased diastolic blood pressure indicates a decrease in arteriolar diameter ("the pipes are getting narrower"). Lower blood pressure equates to a decrease in cardiac output and a decrease in total peripheral resistance" (Maslakowski, 2007:8). Cardiac output constitutes the amount of blood pumped out by each ventricle in a minute.
The pressure in the heart rises as blood is forced into the aorta. The more stretched the aorta, the greater the pulse pressure. In healthy young subjects, each additional 2 ml of blood results in a 1 mmHg rise in pressure.
Therefore:
Stroke Volume = 2 ml × Pulse Pressure
Cardiac Output = 2 ml × Pulse Pressure × Heart Rate
OR
Cardiac Output = 2 ml × (Systolic Pressure - Diastolic Press) × Heart Rate
Because the Stroke volume (ml) (SV) is unknown, a unit of SV = 2 ml was used. The value of SV becomes insignificant when expressed as a percentage of improvement as the multiplication of 2ml is also divided by the same 2ml. This should also be consistent with the findings, as it is not expected that any individual’s Stroke Volume would change over such a short period of time.
| Cardiac Output | Start of test period | End of test period |
| Test group before treatment | 7694.4 | 6594.1 |
| Improved | 14.3% | |
| Test group after treatment | 7789.5 | 6358.9 |
| Improved | 18.4% |
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